Before you go to visit Ceylon
Before you travel to visit Ceylon / Sri Lanka, it’s worth learning a few essential things. Let’s start with vaccinations – check if you have the recommended ones. A tourist visa is a straightforward formality that can be completed online in just a few minutes. Don’t forget about the time difference (Sri Lanka is 3.5 hours ahead of CET in summer).
What about the weather? The best time to visit is from December to March. Rain is rare, and the temperature is perfect for travelling.
Vaccinations and health protection
Before heading to Sri Lanka, take care of your health first. It’s best to book an appointment with a travel medicine doctor 6–8 weeks before your planned trip.
During the consultation, the doctor will recommend vaccinations tailored to your travel plans, based on a brief interview and physical examination. In some cases, it’s worth considering a rabies vaccine, especially if you plan to have contact with animals.
Malaria is no longer present in Ceylon (now known as Sri Lanka). However, you should still use mosquito repellents (there is some risk of dengue and chikungunya).
What vaccinations are recommended?
If you’re staying in one place at a single hotel, a doctor will most likely recommend vaccines for diphtheria, tetanus, whooping cough, hepatitis A and B, meningococcal disease, and dengue.
If you’re planning a round trip around the island, especially to less touristy regions, the list may be a bit longer. In addition to the above, it’s also worth considering vaccines for typhoid, Japanese encephalitis, and rabies.
No matter how you’re travelling, it’s also a good idea to get a flu shot and check your immunity to measles, mumps, and rubella.
All vaccines should be recorded in your “yellow book” – the International Certificate of Vaccination. It’s not required for entry to Sri Lanka (unless you’re arriving from a country where yellow fever is present), but it’s good to have it with you. It may also be helpful for future trips.
I always check this Polish website before any trip abroad: medycynatropikalna.pl.
How to protect yourself from mosquitoes
The dengue vaccine isn’t commonly available in Europe, but you can still reduce the risk of infection. The key is using insect repellents — ideally those with DEET (30–50%), icaridin, or IR3535. Apply them daily, especially in the morning and evening.
Other practical ways to stay protected:
- Light-colored clothes with long sleeves and pants
- Mosquito nets (bring your own if you’re staying in basic guesthouses)
- Air conditioning – mosquitoes don’t like it
- Plug-in mosquito repellent devices
- And if a small lizard shows up in your room, leave it be! It’s completely harmless to humans, but great at catching mosquitoes at night.
It’s also a good idea to pack a bite relief product, such as a cooling gel or hydrocortisone cream, to ease itching if needed.
What to pack in your travel first aid kit for Ceylon / Sri Lanka
Personal medications
- Any regular medications (e.g. for high blood pressure, diabetes, birth control)
- Enough for the whole trip, plus a copy of your prescription in case of checks
Basic medical items
- Anti-diarrheal medication
- Probiotics
- Oral rehydration salts (electrolyte sachets)
- Pain and fever reliever (e.g. paracetamol)
- Motion sickness remedy (helpful for tuk-tuk rides or mountain roads)
Protection and hygiene
- Strong mosquito repellent (preferably with DEET)
- Antibacterial hand gel
- Disinfectant for hands and minor wounds
- Water purification tablets (e.g. chlorine-based)
Bandages and wound care
- Plasters, sterile gauze, elastic bandage
- Ointment for insect bites and burns
Extras
- Sunscreen
- Sunglasses
- Head covering (hat, cap, or scarf)
- A spare pair of prescription glasses (if you wear them)
- A copy of your travel insurance policy
How to get a visa for Sri Lanka
All travellers from Poland need a visa to enter Sri Lanka. The easiest way is to apply for an Electronic Travel Authorisation (ETA) before your trip. You can do this online on the official website of the Department of Immigration and Emigration of Sri Lanka or through a visa service, such as iVisa – ETA for Sri Lanka*.
For most nationalities, applying online in advance is strongly recommended.
- Cost: 50 USD (excluding bank fees)
- Validity: 6 months from the date of issue
- Duration of stay: up to 30 days, with double entry
- Processing time: usually within a few hours to a few days
If you are travelling last minute and don’t manage to get an ETA before departure, you can apply for a Visa on Arrival at the airport in Colombo. However, this option is more expensive and involves waiting in line. That’s why it’s better to arrange it online – it’s cheaper and far more convenient.
- Cost: 60 USD, payable in new US dollar bills (cash only)
- Duration of stay: up to 30 days
- Note: You may be required to present a valid passport, a return ticket, and proof of sufficient funds.
What time is it in Ceylon / Sri Lanka?
Sri Lanka follows Sri Lanka Standard Time (SLST), which is 5 hours and 30 minutes ahead of UTC. In practice, that means:
- In winter, the time difference is +4.5 hours compared to CET.
- In summer, the difference is +3.5 hours.
It might sound unusual, but you’ll adjust quickly. Daylight patterns are gentle, and the shift is easy to get used to.
When to go? Weather, monsoons, and climate
Sri Lanka, formerly known as Ceylon, has a tropical monsoon climate. The weather varies depending on the region.
- The best time to visit the south and west coasts (e.g. Galle, Mirissa, Colombo) is from December to April.
- For the East Coast (e.g., Trincomalee, Arugam Bay), travel is recommended between May and September.
- In the central highlands (Kandy, Nuwara Eliya), temperatures are cooler, especially at night, so pack something warm if you’re heading to the mountains.
Even in the rainy season, it doesn’t rain all day. Showers are usually short, intense, and often come in the evening. It’s worth packing a light rain jacket or a small umbrella.
I visited Sri Lanka in June, and during my two-week stay, it rained only three times, each for a few minutes.
How to travel safely in Sri Lanka?
General situation
Sri Lanka is a welcoming and open country that has experienced rapid development in recent years. Following the 2019 attacks, security measures were strengthened. Nowadays, travelling around Ceylon is considered safe, as long as you use common sense. Authorities are responsive, and tourists are warmly welcomed. There are no typhoons or extreme weather events – the most considerable weather-related risk is short, heavy monsoon rain.
That said, always stay cautious. Avoid large crowds, and skip the busiest hours at top attractions. Stay alert, pay attention to your surroundings, and report any suspicious activity or emergencies to local authorities by calling 119.
Safety in cities and on the beach
In big cities and popular tourist destinations, be cautious of pickpockets and petty scams. Common tricks include inflated prices, fake “entrance tickets,” unofficial “guides” who appear out of nowhere, and tuk-tuk or taxi drivers who hijack bookings from other companies.
Beaches are generally safe, but it’s best to keep valuables with you or leave them at the hotel.
Transport – what to watch out for
Riding a tuk-tuk is an unforgettable experience, but always agree on the price in advance – ideally after asking a local or by using the PickMe app (Sri Lanka’s version of Uber). Buses and trains can get crowded, and that’s where it’s smart to stay alert.
A personal tip: once, while on a train, I noticed a group of men acting suspiciously. They seemed to be watching for passengers holding phones by the window. I acted on instinct and said out loud: “Watch out – thieves! Keep an eye on your stuff!” People immediately turned away from the windows, and the would-be thieves… moved to another carriage. Maybe they got scared, perhaps they didn’t expect a sharp-eyed tourist.
The takeaway? Stay alert – but don’t be afraid to speak up if something seems wrong.
Solo female travellers
Sri Lanka is friendly to solo female travellers, but a bit of caution goes a long way – especially after dark. Local women usually dress modestly. While tourists aren’t expected to wear a sari, it’s a good idea to avoid very revealing clothes, especially in the central regions and away from beach resorts.
Practical tips
- Documents and money. Please keep them in different places. Don’t carry all your cash in one wallet.
- Insurance. Good travel insurance is essential. Medical help is available, but private clinics can be expensive.
- Food and water. Drink only bottled water. Be cautious with street food – though it’s often delicious!
- Police contact. If something happens, don’t hesitate to report it. Tourist police are present in significant towns and cities.
Hygiene and staying healthy in Ceylon / Sri Lanka
Taking care of your health starts with a few basic hygiene rules:
- Wash your hands regularly. Before meals, after using the toilet, and after touching surfaces in public places. If water is not available, use antibacterial gel.
- Be careful with water. For drinking, brushing your teeth, and rinsing your mouth, use only bottled or properly purified water. Avoid ice unless you’re sure it was made with clean, safe water.
- Avoid raw food. Skip raw fruits, vegetables, salads, or wild meat, as they might carry bacteria or parasites. Always wash and peel fruits and veggies before eating, especially if you’re unsure of their origin.
- Choose safe food. Go for meals prepared in clean conditions. Pasteurised milk and food from restaurants that look fresh and hygienic are your safest options.
- Disinfection. In public bathrooms or showers, it’s worth using disinfectant spray to clean the toilet seat or shower cabin.
- Avoid contact with animals. Especially those that are sick, dead, or wild. Try to avoid close contact with people who are ill, especially in crowded areas. Don’t pet stray cats or dogs – they may carry diseases.
Useful apps, emergency contacts & practical travel tips
Travelling around Sri Lanka can be safe and enjoyable – but like anywhere, it’s smart to be prepared for the unexpected. Here are a few resources that may be helpful.
Emergency numbers
- Police: 119
- Ambulance: 110
- Fire department: 111
- International emergency (from mobile phones): 112
- To report suspicious activity or emergencies: 119
- U.S. Embassy in Sri Lanka: +94-11-202-8500
- All other embassies in Sri Lanka can be checked at sltda.gov.lk
Apps worth downloading
- Google Maps – works well offline if you download maps in advance
- Maps.me – great for offline walking routes
- PickMe – Sri Lanka’s version of Uber (mainly in Colombo)
- Uber – available in bigger cities
- Booking.com / Agoda – handy for booking accommodation
- Google Translate / Translate app – helpful in chatting with drivers or local vendors
- XE Currency – for quick LKR-to-PLN conversion
- 12Go – to plan intercity transport and transfers
- Airalo or another eSIM app – for getting a local data plan without leaving your hotel
Extra tips
- Take photos of your passport, visa, and return ticket – save them on your phone, in the cloud, and as a printed copy (in case you lose your phone)
- Set a meeting point in case you get separated, especially in large cities or crowded stations.
- Carry some cash with you – but never all of it. Not all places accept cards.
- Buy a local SIM card (e.g. Dialog or Mobitel) – mobile data is cheap and fast.
- Don’t forget a power adapter – Sri Lanka mainly uses plug types D and G.
On the ground – daily life, transport, and culture
Rupees in your wallet – how to pay in Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka has its currency – the Sri Lankan Rupee (LKR). There are plenty of ATMs on the island, but it’s a good idea to exchange some cash upon arrival. At the airport, you will spot several exchange booths. Staff even call out to passengers as they leave the terminal, inviting them in. It is hard to miss them.
It’s also helpful to carry some US dollars. They’re easy to exchange at many places – make sure the bills are new, undamaged, and not written on. Otherwise, no one will accept them.
Keep in mind that cards aren’t accepted everywhere, so always carry some cash as a backup.
Tuk-tuk, train, or bus? How to get around the island
Getting around Ceylon isn’t just about logistics – it’s part of the adventure and a great memory in the making. Trains, tuk-tuks, buses, or a car with a driver? Each option has its charm. Here’s a breakdown with practical tips.
Train – views are worth every minute
Pros. Unforgettable scenery, especially in the hill country (like the Kandy–Ella route). A slow-paced adventure. Open train doors are perfect for iconic travel photos. You ride through the heart of tea plantations.
Cons. Trains are popular – tickets can sell out quickly, especially during high season. Pickpockets also enjoy these tourist-favourite routes, so stay alert.
Good to know:
- Tickets. Buy early at train stations or through local agents. Some hotels and drivers can assist with online bookings.
- On Klook, you can buy reserved 3rd-class seats for the Kandy–Ella train*. Tickets are delivered to your hotel in Kandy the day before travel (or by 6:00 a.m. on the day of travel).
- On 12go.com/pl/travel/nanu-oya/ella*, you can check which trains are fastest or cheapest, across all three classes.
- Seating. 2nd and 3rd class are more local, often with open windows. First class offers comfier seats and air conditioning.
- Rules. Some routes have reserved seating, while others are available on a first-come, first-served basis.
- When to go. The morning train from Nuwara Eliya to Ella is a classic – golden morning light makes the ride extra magical.
Tuk-tuks – kings of short distances
Pros: fast, cheap, full of adrenaline – a fun and easy way to get around towns and cities.
Good to know: prices aren’t fixed – always negotiate.
More tips:
- Fare. Always agree on the price before the ride. Apps like PickMe or Uber TukTuk work in places like Colombo, Kandy, and Ella.
- Safety. Tuk-tuks are a classic mode of transportation in Sri Lanka. They’re usually safe, though drivers sometimes drive like rally racers! In smaller towns, tuk-tuks are a convenient and affordable mode of transportation.
However, in big cities like Colombo, I would suggest other options. Speaking from personal experience, riding in an open vehicle next to the exhaust pipe of a massive bus isn’t the most pleasant way to sightsee. Inhaling city fumes isn’t something I’d recommend, even to die-hard fans of motor racing.
Private driver – comfort and flexibility
Pros: The perfect choice for a road trip – comfortable, flexible, and stress-free.
Good to know. It’s more expensive, but if you’re travelling with others, it may be cheaper than booking multiple transfers.
Tips:
- How to find a driver. Many people go by recommendations – ask in travel groups, through your hotel, or local travel agencies.
- Cost. Typically, a daily rate plus accommodation and meals for the driver (approximately $50–70 per day).
- Benefits. You can stop wherever you want. A local driver can often recommend hidden spots or great local eateries off the beaten path.
Buses – authentic, budget-friendly travel
Pros: Cheap, fun, and a great way to travel like the locals.
Cons: Crowded, no A/C, and deafening music – on long routes, it can be exhausting. On short rides, though, it’s a real “local” experience, and honestly… I highly recommend it. It’s chaotic, but fun!
Good to know:
- Types of buses. Standard buses (very cheap) and private A/C buses (slightly more expensive, more comfortable).
- Tickets. Buy directly from the conductor after boarding.
- Routes. Almost every town has bus connections – ask locals.
- Timing. Don’t expect punctuality – but that’s part of the charm! You’ll get to know the real Sri Lanka.
Every mode of transport in Sri Lanka has its charm and personality. Which one’s the best? There’s no single answer. In my opinion, try them all, including the most unusual: a bullock cart ride.
Bullock carts – a step back in time
On Sri Lanka’s roads, you might still come across bullock carts – especially in rural areas where they’re offered as a tourist attraction. I once had the chance to go on one myself. At first, I thought it was a bit odd (and honestly, a little slow), but the ride turned out to be surprisingly peaceful and memorable.
It feels like stepping back in time – the oxen walk calmly, the bells around their necks jingling softly with each step. The views, the rhythm, the atmosphere… It’s an experience you won’t get in a tuk-tuk or on a train.
It might not be the most comfortable way to travel, but it’s one of the most unique! Today, you’ll mostly find bullock carts as part of a so-called “village tour” – a visit to a traditional village that lets you experience a slower, simpler world, just for a little while.
Do’s and Don’ts – Everyday Etiquette in Sri Lanka
Greetings and communication
In Sri Lanka, greetings differ from what we’re used to. Instead of a handshake, many locals greet others by placing their hands together in a prayer-like gesture (anjali mudra). It’s a sign of respect, especially in more traditional areas. A warm smile, gentle tone, and calm body language are essential for effective communication. Avoid loud voices and overly expressive gestures – Sri Lankans value calm and subtle conversation.
Respect for elders
Respecting older people is a core value in Sri Lankan culture. Elders are treated with great care and honour. It’s polite to offer them your seat, avoid being overly familiar, and use respectful language. Showing this kind of courtesy goes a long way toward earning the goodwill of the locals.
Avoid touching the head.
In Sri Lanka, the head is considered the most sacred part of the body. That’s why you should never touch or pat anyone’s head, especially a child’s – even if your intentions are friendly. Similarly, avoid unnecessary physical contact unless you’re very familiar with the person.
Modesty in dress and behaviour
Modesty is essential in Sri Lankan culture, particularly when it comes to clothing. When visiting temples, historical sites, or traditional areas, cover your shoulders and legs. It’s also important to remove your shoes before entering religious sites – a simple gesture of respect that shows cultural awareness.
It’s also a good idea to avoid controversial topics like politics or religion in conversations – modesty applies to behaviour as well as dress.
Separate areas for men and women
In certain places, such as temples or train stations, separate entrances or areas may be designated for men and women. One example is the Temple of the Tooth in Kandy, where specific entry rules apply depending on gender. Respecting these customs is essential and shows your willingness to honour local traditions.
Politeness and sensitivity
Sri Lankans value politeness and good manners. If you’re invited for a meal, it’s thoughtful to accept and express gratitude. If you need to decline, do so politely to avoid offending your hosts.
Social sensitivity is part of daily life here, and adapting to local norms is both appreciated and respected.
Ayurveda – the ancient healing tradition
Ayurveda, the ancient system of natural healing from India, has long been practised in Sri Lanka too. It focuses on the balance between the body, mind, and environment. Across the island, you’ll find Ayurvedic centres – from luxury retreats to small guesthouses – offering massages, herbal baths, detox programs, and treatments. Licensed Ayurvedic doctors oversee the treatments, and the remedies and cosmetics are made with locally sourced natural ingredients.
One place that left a lasting impression on me was the Tree of Life hotel in Yahalatenna, near Kandy. Hidden in the forest, with lush gardens, peaceful paths, and quiet spots for meditation and rest, it was the perfect setting for true relaxation and healing. If I ever return to Sri Lanka, it’s to a place like this – calm, green, and timeless.
A Taste of Ceylon – Local Flavours and Culinary Experience
Sri Lanka is a real feast for the senses – the island’s cuisine is full of intense flavours, colours and scents that transport you to the heart of a vibrant culture. Every meal is a journey through a wealth of spices, fresh ingredients and local traditions. It’s worth trying these exceptional dishes that are the heart of Sri Lankan cuisine.
Rice and Curry – the king of the Sri Lankan table
The most traditional and popular dish in Sri Lanka is rice and curry, which is often served for breakfast. It’s a combination of rice and a variety of curries, either meat-based or vegetarian. On this island, curry is more than just a spice – it’s a rich, aromatic blend built around ingredients like coconut, turmeric, cinnamon, cumin, and cardamom.
Every region has its twist on the recipe, so wherever you go, new flavours await. Sri Lankan curries are usually more aromatic and less spicy than those from other parts of South Asia, but they’re full of depth and complexity. Look out for delicious extras like pol sambol (a spicy coconut relish) or mallung (a salad of greens and coconut), which add freshness and texture to the meal.
Street food – bold flavours on every corner
Once you fall in love with Sri Lankan cuisine, don’t miss the street food – full of punchy flavours and surprising combos. Kottu roti is one of the most iconic dishes sold at roadside stalls. It’s a stir-fry of chopped roti (flatbread), vegetables, meat (often chicken or beef), and spices. It’s cooked on a large flat griddle and chopped with rhythmic clanging that’s part of the experience. Crispy, hearty, and fragrant – the perfect grab-and-go meal.
Another local favourite is isso wade – deep-fried lentil fritters topped with shrimp. Crunchy on the outside, soft and juicy inside, they’re a tasty street snack or appetiser before a bigger meal.
Hoppers – a breakfast favourite
One of the most beloved breakfast options in Sri Lanka is the hopper – a bowl-shaped pancake with crispy edges and a soft, fluffy centre. Made from rice flour, coconut milk, and yeast, hoppers are often served with an egg cracked right into the middle during the cooking process.
They pair wonderfully with savoury sides like pol sambol, dhal curry (lentil curry), or even with yoghurt and honey for those who prefer a sweet start to the day.
Sweet treats and refreshing drinks
No food journey is complete without dessert! Try wattalappam, a rich coconut milk pudding with eggs and warm spices, similar to crème caramel. Another classic is kurundu bananas – banana slices dipped in batter, deep-fried to golden perfection, and drizzled with honey.
To drink? Don’t miss king coconut water – sweet, fresh, and naturally chilled inside its bright orange shell. It’s the ideal refreshment in the island heat.
Tropical fruit heaven from Ceylon
Sri Lanka is a paradise for fruit lovers – bursting with juicy, colourful, and often unfamiliar varieties. You’ll find familiar favourites like mango, papaya, and pineapple, but also local gems like pink rambutans, creamy mangosteens, tangy starfruit (carambola), or the enormous jackfruit, with a sweet flavour that’s like banana-meets-pineapple.
Sri Lankans enjoy fruit fresh, blended into juices, made into chutneys, or even cooked in curries. Each fruit is a little flavour adventure – don’t be afraid to try something new!
Sri Lankan Festivals and Rituals – An Island of Celebration
Sri Lanka is a land where spiritual rituals and festivals are deeply woven into daily life. The calendar of religious and cultural events is as colourful and diverse as the island itself. Religion plays a significant role – Buddhism, Hinduism, Islam, and Christianity coexist here, creating a rich blend of traditions. Regardless of one’s faith, festivals are celebrated with great enthusiasm, often accompanied by music, dance, traditional attire, candles, parades, elephants, and communal meals.
For travellers, these celebrations are a rare opportunity to experience the spiritual heart of Sri Lankan culture firsthand.
One of the most spectacular Buddhist festivals is Vesak (May), which commemorates the birth, enlightenment, and parinirvana (passing into nirvana) of the Buddha. Streets glow with thousands of colourful lanterns, and homes and temples are decorated with lights and flags. Many people offer free food and drinks to passers-by – a gesture of generosity and merit.
Another must-see is Esala Perahera in Kandy (July/August) – a vibrant festival honouring the Sacred Tooth Relic of Buddha. For several nights, the city pulses with parades of dancers, drummers, acrobats, and elephants adorned in ornate garments and lights.
Don’t miss the Sinhala and Tamil New Year (April 13–14) – a national holiday filled with family gatherings, games, gift exchanges, and the symbolic boiling of coconut milk for good fortune. Even if you don’t understand every detail, the joyful, welcoming atmosphere is contagious.
Top festivals to experience:
- Vesak Poya (May) – commemorating the life of Buddha
- Esala Perahera (July/August) – procession honouring the Tooth Relic in Kandy
- Sinhala and Tamil New Year (April 13–14)
- Deepavali / Diwali (October/November) – Hindu festival of light
- Christian holidays – Christmas and Easter are celebrated in areas with Christian communities, particularly in the southern part of the island.
For more information and updated dates, please visit the Sri Lankan Embassy website.
If you’re planning a trip to Sri Lanka, check the festival calendar – even stumbling upon a local celebration by chance can become one of your most unforgettable memories.
Here’s one I encountered during my journey:📹
Shopping and Haggling in Sri Lanka
As you travel through Sri Lanka, it’s hard not to be tempted by the vibrant market stalls and spice-scented bazaars. They’re the perfect place to pick up authentic souvenirs – for loved ones or yourself.
Best Sri Lankan souvenirs:
- Tea. Especially from Nuwara Eliya or Ella. Loose-leaf varieties or decorative tins make beautiful and flavorful gifts.
- Spices. Like Ceylon cinnamon, curry powder, or locally grown vanilla, they are intensely fragrant and perfect for cooking or as a gift.
- Handicrafts. From carved wooden masks from Ambalangoda to colourful hand-painted batiks.
- Jewellery with semi-precious stones. A unique option is moonstone, prized for its soft glow and iridescence. Jewellery made with moonstone is both beautiful and rare outside Sri Lanka.
- Ayurvedic cosmetics. Natural oils, balms, or soaps made with traditional ingredients. It’s best to buy them in licensed shops – I brought home a few myself and they’ve been great for everyday use.
Haggling is part of the experience – it’s customary to start 30–40% below the asking price, but do it with a smile. You’ll find the best deals at local markets. Moreover, if you take your time and show friendly interest, you’ll often get not just a better price, but also a warm chat with the seller. It also helps to shop with a local driver or guide – they can often negotiate the best deals on your behalf.
Sri Lanka’s Wild Side – Up Close with Ceylon Nature and Wildlife
Sri Lankan Safari – the jungle, live and unfiltered
Going on safari in Sri Lanka is an unforgettable adventure! The island is home to several national parks where you can spot wild elephants, leopards, crocodiles, and many more species. My visit to Yala National Park was a real highlight – I’ll never forget the sight of elephants bathing freely in a river, just a few metres away.
In the realm of elephants – majestic encounters
Elephants are more than just a national symbol of power and grace – they’re also a regular part of the Sri Lankan landscape. They live in the wild in national parks like Minneriya, Kaudulla, and Udawalawe, and sometimes you might even spot them walking along the road, alone or in groups. These are still wild animals – beautiful but unpredictable – so always keep your distance and don’t try to approach them.
During a safari in Minneriya National Park, I witnessed whole elephant families grazing peacefully on a green plain. Big and small, with babies at their side – there were over 50 of them. It was one of the most moving moments of my trip, seeing these calm and majestic creatures in their natural habitat.
A very different kind of encounter happened at the Pinnawala Elephant Orphanage. If you think elephants are slow, gentle giants, this place might surprise you. They were everywhere – big and small, young and old, each with their unique personality.
The biggest thrill? Getting close enough to touch their rough, bristly skin and agile trunks. Some elephants eagerly reached out their trunks to be petted, and others cheekily used them to beg for treats. A true highlight was bottle-feeding baby elephants – their milk enthusiasm rivalled a coffee addict at 7 a.m.
And the river bath? Absolute bliss! The elephants splashed around with joy, lifting everyone’s spirits.
Monkey business – langurs and mischievous macaques
The elegant grey langurs looked like zen masters of the animal world – calm, graceful, seemingly uninterested in the tourists snapping photos. You could walk right up to them, and they wouldn’t even blink.
Macaques, on the other hand, were a different story altogether. These fiery little red-haired troublemakers are lightning-fast and masters of mischief. Ice cream? Snatched. Water bottle? Gone. Plastic bag? They hoped for snacks inside.
You can’t stay mad at them – their guilty-yet-proud faces say it all: “Sorry, human. That was the opportunity of a lifetime!” One sideways head tilt, a cheeky grin, and a stuck-out tongue later, and all is forgiven. I could watch them for hours, amazed by how full of ideas and energy their tiny heads seemed to be.
A nature-lover’s paradise
Sri Lanka is a true haven for wildlife lovers. Besides elephants and monkeys, which you can spot during safaris or even by the roadside, the island is full of fascinating species. In the jungle, by lakes, and in nature reserves, hundreds of bird species thrive – from tiny hummingbirds to colourful kingfishers, parrots, and hornbills. Their songs filled my mornings – some of the sounds were so unusual, I could hardly believe they were coming from birds.
You’ll also find reptiles and amphibians in abundance – lizards and geckos are everywhere and surprisingly photogenic. Larger reptiles, such as monitor lizards or (rarely) snakes, can also be spotted – most are harmless. If you’re lucky, you might even spot frogs, chameleons, or crocodiles – though the latter are usually found only in national parks or wetlands, and always from a safe distance.
Scents and Colours – Exploring Sri Lanka’s Tropical Gardens
Sri Lanka is a land of lush, fragrant greenery and vibrant colours. Its tropical parks and botanical gardens offer peaceful oases where time seems to slow down. The most famous of them is the Royal Botanical Garden in Kandy – a vast, beautifully maintained space filled with exotic trees, flowering shrubs, and scented blossoms. I wandered there beneath towering royal palms and along alleys lined with tea trees, surrounded by orchids, giant bamboos, and spice trees. It felt like paradise – far from the hustle, immersed in untamed nature.
But this isn’t the only garden worth visiting. Peradeniya also houses remarkable collections of palms and enormous fig trees, under whose shade you can rest on hot days. In the hills around Nuwara Eliya, the Hakgala Botanical Garden offers something completely different – a higher elevation and cooler climate, with magnificent rhododendrons and azaleas in bloom.
For a more hands-on experience, visit one of the smaller spice gardens around Matale, where you can see how vanilla, cinnamon, cardamom or nutmeg grow. It’s a sensory adventure – touch the leaves, smell the fresh bark, or even taste a raw spice straight from the branch.
Tropical gardens in Sri Lanka are a feast not only for the eyes but for all the senses – fragrant, green sanctuaries where you can truly relax and slow down.
Useful info:
Royal Botanical Garden in Kandy (Peradeniya):
- Entrance fee: approx. 2,000 LKR (~6 USD). Open daily from 7:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
- Easy to reach by tuk-tuk from central Kandy (approx. 15–20 minutes)
Hakgala Botanical Garden (near Nuwara Eliya):
- Located at about 1,700 m above sea level – bring a light jacket
- Entrance fee: approx. 1,500 LKR (~4.5 USD)
- Open daily from 8:00 a.m. to 5:30 p.m.
Spice gardens in Matale (e.g., Lucky Land, Ranweli):
- Usually free entry, but expect a guided tour and an offer to buy oils or spices
- Prices in the shop can be high – feel free to browse without buying
Tips:
- Bring insect repellent – mosquitoes love gardens
- Pack water and a hat – especially in Kandy, where it gets hot
- After rain, paths can be slippery – wear sturdy shoes
Among the Tea Hills – The Green Heart of the Island
Visiting the tea-covered hills of Nuwara Eliya was one of the most peaceful and relaxing experiences of my trip to Sri Lanka. The winding paths through lush tea bushes had an enchanting charm. Along the way, I passed workers plucking tea leaves by hand – it was a beautiful moment of connection with the quiet rhythm of life on the hills.
Tea cultivation is not only a national symbol but also a vital part of Sri Lanka’s economy and cultural identity. Formerly known as Ceylon, the island is famous for its high-quality black tea, which is exported worldwide. The first plantations were established in the 19th century, and today they stretch across the misty highlands of the island’s interior – places like Nuwara Eliya, Ella, and Haputale. That’s where the finest Ceylon tea is grown.
During a journey through these areas, it’s worth stopping at one of the local tea factories open to visitors. You can learn about the entire process – from plucking and drying the leaves to packaging – and, of course, enjoy a freshly brewed cup of tea from the estate itself.
Good to know:
- Top regions for visiting tea plantations: Nuwara Eliya, Ella, Haputale
- Many factories (e.g., Damro, Pedro Tea Estate, Dambatenne) offer guided tours, often free or very affordable
- Tea is harvested year-round, with peak seasons in March–May and July–September
- Tea plucking is physically demanding work – if you take photos or borrow a basket for a picture, thank the workers with a small cash tip. It means a lot to them.
When buying tea on-site, ask for single-estate tea, which is grown on a single plantation and often of higher quality than mass-exported blends.
Postcard-Perfect Beaches – Where to Relax
Sri Lanka has some of the most beautiful beaches in the world – and that’s no exaggeration. Golden sands stretch for miles, lined with coconut palms and lush greenery, while crystal-clear water invites you in for a dip. The beaches here are incredibly diverse – from calm bays perfect for lounging, to wild, wave-battered shores that attract surfers from around the globe.
If you’re into snorkelling or diving, head to Hikkaduwa or Unawatuna, where the offshore coral reefs burst with colourful marine life—dreaming of catching your first wave? Weligama and Arugam Bay are made for it.
Good to know:
- The best conditions are from November to April on the southwest coast (Weligama, Hikkaduwa), and from May to September on the east coast (Arugam Bay)
- Beach season. For southern beaches, visit between December and March; for the east coast, visit between May and September.
- Safety. Waves can be intense – always check beach warnings and avoid swimming where there are no lifeguards on duty.
- Whale and dolphin watching. Boat tours depart from Mirissa, offering the best viewing from November to April.
- Peace & quiet. For more secluded and wild beaches, try Tangalle, Rekawa, or the Kalpitiya Peninsula.
Treasures of Sri Lanka – What the Island Exports
Despite its small size, Sri Lanka is rich in natural and agricultural resources, many of which are key to the island’s economy. Here are some of the most important exports:
Ceylon Tea – Sri Lanka’s Green Gold
Sri Lanka is one of the world’s top tea producers. Known internationally as Ceylon tea, it’s prized for its quality and flavour. Tea is the country’s leading export, and its hillside plantations constitute a significant source of income.
Gems of Ceylon – Rubies, Sapphires & Moonstones
Sri Lanka is among the world’s top producers of precious stones – including rubies, sapphires, topaz, and especially moonstones, which are rare and stunningly beautiful. Most of them are mined in the Ratnapura region, also known as the “City of Gems.” The country exports both raw and cut stones, highly valued in international markets.
Crazy for Coconuts – Oil & More
The coconut palm is one of Sri Lanka’s most important crops. The island exports coconut oil, dried coconut flesh (also known as copra), and other products used in cooking and cosmetics. Coconut-based goods are everywhere in Sri Lankan markets.
Coffee & Cocoa – Small but Special
Sri Lanka is renowned for its tea, coffee, and cocoa production, which is on the rise, especially in highland regions such as Kotmale and Uva. Sri Lankan speciality coffee is gaining attention for its mild, slightly fruity flavour and smooth finish.
The island also produces high-quality cocoa, particularly Trinitario and Criollo varieties, which are regarded as among the finest and most aromatic in the world. These beans are often used in artisanal chocolate and exported in small batches to speciality producers.
Fun facts:
Sri Lanka was once a major coffee producer, until a fungus (coffee rust) wiped out the plantations in the 19th century, which led growers to switch to tea.
- Coffee is now making a comeback, with small highland plantations producing speciality beans.
- The Criollo cocoa grown in Sri Lanka is rare and delicate, prized for its complex flavour and low bitterness.
- Some plantations offer tours and tastings, particularly in the areas surrounding Matale, Kandy, and Uva.
- In local markets, you can find handmade chocolate made from Sri Lankan cocoa – a unique and tasty souvenir.
Spice Ceylon – The Scent of Sri Lanka
Ceylon / Sri Lanka smells like spices. It’s one of the world’s largest exporters of cinnamon. Additionally, Sri Lankan cinnamon is considered the finest on the planet. It is more delicate and aromatic than the Indonesian variety, and is grown mainly in the southern parts of the island. It is used not only in cooking but also in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals.
But cinnamon is just the beginning. Other treasures grown and exported from the island include cardamom, cloves, ginger, and black pepper. Many of these spices are cultivated in small, family-owned spice gardens that are open to visitors. This is an excellent opportunity to see what vanilla or nutmeg looks like before it ends up in your kitchen.
From the Ocean – Fish and Whales
Although less well known than other industries, fishing and marine resources play a vital role in Sri Lanka’s economy. The island’s waters are rich in marine life, and fish and seafood are essential export goods. In some coastal regions, sustainable fishing practices and whale-watching tourism complement each other, demonstrating how nature and the economy can coexist.
Colourful Textiles and Woven Goods
Sri Lanka also has a vibrant textile and garment industry. The country is a major exporter of clothing, fabrics, and carpets, many of which are made for Western markets. Local artisans continue to produce handwoven cottons, batiks, and rugs. You can find unique, high-quality items at markets or small workshops across the island.
Ceylon – tips & tricks about Sri Lanka – A Few Final Thoughts
How do you sum up Sri Lanka in one sentence? You can’t. It’s a land of colour, scent, warmth, and contrast. What captivated me most was the richness, not just of nature, but of daily life as well. From the highlands to the coast, from ancient temples to street food stalls – there’s something here that stirs the soul.
And although my journey is over, the memories remain vivid. If you’re thinking about visiting Sri Lanka, don’t hesitate. This island has a way of enchanting you, quietly and deeply.
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